Carpenter&#39;s combination tool



April 20, 1926.

J. PARKHILL I CARPENTERS COMBINATION TOOL attoiweq Patented Apr. 20, 1926.

U Nit-TED STAYI'I'ES JOHN PABKI-IILL; OF ROCHESTER; MINNESOTA.

. CARPENTERS --COM'BI'NATION' TOOL.

, Application filed July 7,

To all whom it may concern..-

Be it known that I, JOHN PARKHILL, a citizen ofthe United States, residing,- at Rochester, in thetcounty of. Olmsted...and State of. Minnesota, haveinvented .certain new and useful Improvements in a Carpenters Combination Tool, of which the fol lowing is a specification, reference-beinghad therein to the accompanying drawing.

The present. invention relates to a. tool for use by carpenters, builders. and other. artisans,- and aims to provide a novel; and improved combination toolthat isusefuhfor several different purposes.

Another object of the invention is'toprovide such a tool which can beused as a, divider or compass, as a" bevel. square, and as an angle bisecton' A further object is to; provide such, a tool which can. be conveniently and? efiiciently usedfor determining andmarking; of! miter or side bevels on stair risers and stringers, horizontal and. gable frieze, and jack, hip and valley rafters, whether such rafters are regular or. irregular, hacked or unbacked, straight. or curved.

It isalso an object of the invention to provide suchiLCOlllblllEl-lllOIl toolv which is extremely simple in construction,.. aswell as being simple and practicalin use.

\Vith the foregoing and other-objects in view, which will. be apparent as the description proceeds, the invention resides-in the construction and arrangement of parts, as hereinafter described and claimed, it being understoodthat changes canbe made within the scope ofv what is claimed, without departing from the spirit of the. invention.

The invention 1 is illustrated in the acconr panying drawing, wherein Figure 1 is a side elevation ofthe tool as used as an angle bisector.

Fig. 2,is anelevation showing the tool used as. a. bevel square.

Fig. 3 is. an edge view of'the tool as used for markingthe miter-or side bevel on a rafter.

Fig. 4 is, a plan viewshowing irregular hip and jack rafters, and illustrating how the tool is set forthe side bevels of the jack rafters.

Fig. 5 is a sect-ion on theflline 5-5 of Fig. 3.

Fig. '6 is a section corresponding to Fig. 5, but showing the tool, reversed blade for blade.

'192'4. Serial No. 724,620.

The tool comprisesthe flat. blades, or members 7 and 8 cut or stamped from sheet metal or strips. Saidblades are-overlapped at their adjacent ends and are-pivotall'y connected by a pivots'crew, or bolt 9 extending through said blades and. having airing nut 10 thereoirwh-ich can betightened. for clamping the blades when adjusted to different angles relatively to one another, The nut 10 is preferably at that side ofltlie ,b lacle"7 opposite to the blade 8, and-the head. Of'the bolt 9' is preferably fluslrwith the blade 7 or ;said bolt, can be riveted to the; blade.

The inner edges 11 and 12 of the blades? and 8, respectively, are. straight, so. as to provide straight edges,and1the blades are tape-red or decreased in Widthtothe extremitiesthereof opposite to their pivotally connected ends, to providethe points '13 and 13 respectively,v which enable the. tool to be used in the well known inanneras a: divider or compass.

A pin 15 is screw-threaded transversely through the blade 7, so as to be adjustable longitudinally of itself'throu'gh orrelatively to the blade perpendicularly of saidfblade, and a pin 16 is riveted or otherwise secured to the, blade 8. The pins 15 and '16 are 10- catedjat. equal distances from the pivot member or bolt 9, and are also located equal distances from the corresponding "straight edges 11 and 12. Thepins, are'perpendicular or at right angles with the corresponding blades, a-nd'the pin 1.6 is' located atthat side of the blade 8 opposite tothe blade 7,,While the pin 15 projects to oppositesides ofthe blade 7.

The inner or adjacent ends of'theblades 7 and 8 arelpreferably cut obliquely, as .at 17, at angles of 45 degrees relatively tothe corresponding straightedges. 11 and 12. This may' facilitateihe positioning of the blades at certain angles relatively 'to .one another. Thus, when the ends 17 areflush or on av straight line, as seen in Fig.1, the edges 11 and 12 will,be at aright 0r 90 degree angle with one another. ."Furthermore, when the ends 19 are flush with the outer edges of the oppositeblades, as seen in Fig. 2,.the straight edges 11 and 12 will be at an angle of 135 degrees relatively to one another.

jThe tool can be conveniently used as a bevel square, as shown. in" Fig. 2. Thus, the edge 12 of the blade 8 extends along andrbears against one side of the rafter or other object 18, and the blade 7 extends across the adjacent side or face of said object 18, the pin 16 being at the outer side of the blade 7 so that said blade can bear directly on the object. The blade 7 can be adjusted to different angles relatively to the blade 8, when the nut 10 is loosened, in order that the straight edge 11 can be used for marking off the desired angular or oblique line or lines on the object 18, as will be apparent.

When using the tool as an angle bisector, as seen in Fig. 1, the blades 7 and 8 are adjusted so that the edges 11 and 12 are at the angle relatively to one another to be bisected. The edges 11 and 12 thus define the angle to be bisected, and the pins 15 and 16 are seated against one side of the rafter or other object 19, with the pointed ends of the blades overlapping the adjacent side or face of the object 19 on which a line 20 is marked at a right angle. Then, by sliding the tool along the object 19 so that the edge 12 intersects the line 20, either at one end of said line or between the ends of said line, the edge 12 will be at an angle with the line 20 just one-half of the angle between the edges 11 and 12. By marking on the object 19 along the edge 12, the angle will be marked off which bisects the angle be tween the edges 11 and 12. The edge 11 can similarly be used in connection with the right angled line 20.

The adjacent or inner sides of the blades 7 and 8 are in the same plane, and when the tool is used as a bevel square, as shown in Fig. 2, said inner plane sides are flush with or parallel to the side or surface of the object 18 which is to be marked along the edge 11, but the tool can be placed with its straight edges 11 and 12 against two adjoining sides of the object while the blades 7 and 8 are not parallel to any side of the object. lVhen used in the latter manner, the tool will automatically find the side bevel, as will presently appear.

Referring to Fig. 3, the lines 21 marked on the side of the rafter or timber 22 are different plumb marks, and by placing the edge 11 of the blade 7 along either line 21, the edge 12 of the blade 8 can bear and eX- tend across the upper or adjoining side of the timber for marking off the side or miter bevel as at 23. In this position of the tool,

the edges 11 and 12 bear against the ad joining sides of the timber or object, and the edge 11 defines the plumb line on one side of the timber while the edge 12 defines the side bevel. When the blades 7 and 8 are just free to swing relatively to one another they will readily fall or move into position on the timber or object, and by tightening the nut 10, the blades will be locked or clamped, so that the tool can be used for marking duplicate rafters or cuts, both right and left hand, and for both plumb and side bevel cuts. The tool can be used for jack, hip and valley rafters, whether backed or unbacked, straight or curved, regular or irregular, and for difierent pitches. The vast majority of buildings are right-angled in floor plan, but the tool can be used in the same way for octagonal and other polygonal buildings or portions thereof, and for indicating or marking off the plumb and side bevel cuts.

When using the tool for marking the side bevels on rafters or other timbers, with the edge 11 of'the blade 7 on the plumb line or mark, the blade 7 is tilted sidewise until one end of the pin 15 bears against the same side of the timber, as seen in Fig. 5, thereby bringing the blade 7 at an angle of 45 degrees with the side of the timber against which the edge 11 contacts. Then, when the blade 8 falls or swings into position with its edge 12 hearing on the adjoining side of the timber, the edge 12 will auton'iatically indicate the side bevel and such side bevel can be marked elf on the timber along the edge 12. In using the tool for right-angled buildings wherein the rafters, in floor plan, such as the hip and jack rafters, are at 4:5 degree angles relatively to one another, the pin 15 is used for tilting the blade 7 on the plumb mark to the proper angle relatively to the timber. Thus, when the pin 15 is normal intermediate position as shown in Fig. 5, its rounded ends and the edge 11 lie in planes at right angles with one another and at 45 degree angles with the blade 7. Therefore, with the edge 11 bearing on a surface and the blade 7 tilted either way to bring one end of the pin 15 against the surface, the blade 7 will be at an angle of 15 degree with the surface. The pin 15 can therefore be used for either right or left hand marking of side bevels. The pin 15 is substantially of a length double the distance of the pin from the edge 11, whereby when the pin is in intermediate position, so as to extend equal distances to opposite sides of the blade 7, the pin projects to either side of the blade 7 the same distance as the pin is from the edge 11, whereby when said edge 11 and one end of the pin bear on a surface, the blade will be at the angle of 4:5 degrees with such surface.

lVhen using the tool for octagonal buildings, or for other shapes for which the pin 16 is intended, the blade 8, instead of the blade 7, is used for indicating the plumb line. Thus, the edge 12 of the blade 8 extends along the plumb line or mark, and the blade 8 is tilted sidewise until the pin 16 bears against the side of the timber against which the edge 12 rests, and the blade 7 is then used for marking off the side bevel along the edge 11 thereof. The pin 16 is of such length that when the edge 12 of the blade 8 and end of the pin 16 bear against the surfaceof an object, as seen in Fig. 6, the blade 8 will be at the proper angle with such surface. For octagonal buildings, the pin 16 is of a length so that the blade 8 will be at an angle of 22% degrees with the surface, but the pin 16 could be of different lengths for hexagonal and other polygonal buildings, as may be desired.

The pin 15 is adjustable relatively to the blade 7 in order that the tool can be used for irregular hip and jack rafters, and for polygonal hip and jack rafters.

Fig. 4 illustrates the manner of adjusting the pin 15 for the irregular hip rafter 2 1 and jack rafters 25 and 26. Thus, to set the pin 15 for the angle 27 between the hip rafter 2 1 and jack rafter 25, the blade 7 is placed against the adjacent vertical face or side ofthe rafter 2st in such angle with the edge 11 on the plumb line or mark, and the pin 15 is then adjusted by screwing it through the blade 7 until the end thereof adjacent to the rafted 25 lies in the plane of the adjacent vertical face or side of the jack rafter 25 in which the edge 11 also lies. Then, by placing the edge 11 and corresponding end of the pin 15 against the side of a timber, the blade 8 will automatically indicate the side bevel of the irregular jack rafter 25 and is used for duplicate side bevels for corresponding jack rafters for different lengths.

To set the pin 15 for the angle 28 between the hip rafter 24 and jack rafter 26, the blade 7 is placed against the adjacent vertical face or side of the rafter 2-4 with the edge 11 on the plumb line or mark, and the pin 15 is then adjusted until the end thereof is in the plane of the adjacent vertical face or side of the rafter 26.

By the provision of the pins 15 and 16, the tool can not only be used as an angle JlSGCtOI', but can also be used for conveniently positioning the tool for marking off different side or miter bevels. The pins 15 and 16 serve as angle gages for tilting the blades to the proper angles; the pin 15,

when in intermediate position, being used for a5 degree angle adjustments; the pin 16 for another definite angular adjustment; and other angular positions being obtained by the adjustment of the pin 15 to bring its ends closer to or further away from the blade 7, as suggested in Fig. 4:.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed as new is 1. A tool of the character described comat different predetermined angles relatively to a. surface against which the straight edge of sald blade bears.

1 2. A tool of. the character described comprising pivotally connected blades having straight edges, and a pin extending through and adjustable in one blade to contact with a surface against which the straight edge of said blade bears for positioning said blade at a predetermined angle with said surface.

3. A tool of the character described comprising pivotally connected blades having straight edges, and a pin screw-threaded through one blade for positioning said blade at different angles relatively to a surface against which the straight edge of said blade bears. a

4. A tool of the character described comprising pivotally connected blades having straight edges, a pin carried by one blade and extending to one side thereof only, and a pin extending through the other blade and projecting from the opposite sides thereof.

5. A tool of the character described comprising pivotally connected blades having straight edges, a pin carried by-one blade and extending to one side thereof only, and a pin extending through and adjustable in the other blade.

6. A tool of the character described comprising pivotally connected blades having straight edges, a pin carried by one blade and extending to one side thereof only, and a pin screw-threaded through the other blade.

7. A tool of the character described comprising pivotally connected blades having straight edges, a pin carried by one blade and extending to one side thereof only, and a pin extending through the other blade and projecting from the opposite sides thereof, said pins being equi-distant from the pivot point of the blades.

8. A tool of the character described comprising pivotally connected blades having straight edges, and a pin extending through one blade and projecting from the opposite sides thereof so that either end of the pin and the straight edge of said blade may bear against a surface with said blade at an angle to the surface.

In testimony whereof I hereunto aflix my signature.

JOHN PARKHILL. 

